Friday, March 20, 2015

2. KEEP PRAYING SINCERELY



2. KEEP PRAYING SINCERELY
A Pakistani surgeon, Dr. Ihsan, went to the airport to attend a world seminar on medicine to present his paper and explain his biggest discovery in the field of medicine. The plane he was taking was already one hour in the air when suddenly something was wrong with it and its pilot had to take an emergency landing at the nearest airport. As it would take about sixteen hours to repair the damage of the plane, and by then it would be too late for him to attend the seminar to fly with it. He was so specialised his field, and his discovery would have saved life in every minute. So, he asked the employee of the airport how long it would take to reach his destination by car. He was told that it would take about three hours. So, he rented a car and there he went.
While he was driving for about five minutes the weather suddenly changed. It started to become cloudy, then it rained and thundered, but he kept driving. After about two hours driving he became tired, apparently he also lost his way. He saw a small house where he could rest, ask direction and hire a telephone. But the host, an old woman was so poor, that she did not have even electricity, let alone a telephone. She entertained her guest with food and tea. She was a pious woman, and after she prayed she made her supplication (du’a) for her grand child who was beside her. She had been generous and liked to help needy people. She said that only one of her duas which had not yet been answered by Allah. She heard that her grandchild needed a surgeon, and there was only one surgeon who could treat the child with his new discovery, but she could not afford to take him the hospital. She prayed that Allah would solve this problem. She wept of joy when Dr. Ihsan told her that her supplication had been answered, as he was the surgeon meant by her. Instead of going to the surgeon, the surgeon himself came to him. 
This is one of many examples of how Allah answered our supplication. For Allah it is more important to visit the sick child than attending the seminar which was so important for the surgeon, where he could present his new discovery in medicine. “Misfortune” befell him one after the other: the plane he was flying with had to take emergency landing. He could not wait until the damage of the plain was repaired which took about sixteen hours. Because of bad weather the car he rented led him to the house of the old women who had prayed for his assistance.
Many things happened to us and to people around us which looked bad, but there is wisdom behind each of them. There is always something called “Allah’s wisdom” behind anything happens to us.
عَنْ صُهَيْبٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
 عَجَبًا لِأَمْرِ الْمُؤْمِنِ، إِنَّ أَمْرَهُ كُلَّهُ خَيْرٌ، وَلَيْسَ ذَاكَ لِأَحَدٍ إِلَّا لِلْمُؤْمِنِ،
إِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ سَرَّاءُ شَكَرَ، فَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ، وَإِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ ضَرَّاءُ،
 صَبَرَ فَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ  (رواه مسلم وابن حبان)
It was narrated by Ṣuhayb r.a.who said that the
Messenger of Allah s.a.w. said: “How amazing is the
condition of a Muslim, that all his cases are good, and this
 would not happen to anybody except to the believer: if
happiness (prosperity) befalls him, he thanks (Allah),and
 it is good for him; and if adversity befalls  him he
 becomes patient, and it is (also) good for him.”
(Reported by Muslim and Ibn Ḥibbān)
The well-known American writer Dale Carnegie said in his book entitled How to Stop Worrying and Start Living that he saw the Bedouins when something bad happened to them they said maktūb (“it has been written”). Therefore they had no worry and did not feel bad and blame anybody for what had happened.
On the contrary, people who have pessimistic attitude in life see everything in a negative way. It is like wearing a pair of pink glasses, where there is always pinkness in everything. In one of Shakespeare’s plays, Hamlet, the prince of Denmark, considered not only the palace he was living in to be a prison, but the whole country, Denmark. He said: "there is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so."[1] So, it is our attitude and thinking that  make a situation good or bad.
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: أَنَّ اللَّهَ
عَزَّ وَجَلَّ  قَالَ: "أَنَا عِنْدَ ظَنِّ عَبْدِي بِي، إِنْ ظَنَّ بِي خَيْرًا فَلَهُ، وَإِنْ
ظَنَّ شَرًّا فَلَهُ" (رواه أحمد و ابن حبان)
Abū Hurayrah r.a. narrated that the Messenger of Allah s.a.w. said: “Allah the Almighty said: “I am with the thinking of My servant of Me; if he thinks of Me good, then it will be so for him; and if he thinks of Me bad, then it will be so for him (too).”
(Reported by Aḥmad and Ibn Ḥibbān)
Therefore, we Muslims are supposed to be away from worry and stress, let alone of having mental breakdown, since we have good faith with our Creator, Allah the Almighty.
The Egyptian sufi Ibn ‘Aṭā’ Allāh al-Skandarī, said in his Wisdom no. 6 in his book entitled al-Ḥikam (Wise Sayings), as follows:
لَا يَكُنْ تَأَخر أمد العطاء مع الإلحاح في الدعاء - موجبا ليأسك ،
فهو ضمِنَ لك الإجابة  فيما يختاره لك لا فيما تختار لنفسك
وفي الوقت الذي يريد ، لا في الوقت الذي تريد
Do not let the delay of the answer of what
you are fervently asking for make you despair.
He has guaranteed an answer to your prayers
in those things He chooses for you, not in those
things that you choose for yourself, and at the
time He wants, not at the time you want.
In other words, Allah guarantees that He will accept our prayer (dua) with His choice, either all of them, or half of them, or with something else as substitute,(such us protecting us from any harm or disaster), and not with our choice. The time of His acceptance is also up to Him; it could be tomorrow, next year, or even in the next life, the Hereafter. We leave it to Him, for He knows exactly what is good for us.
However, there are some conditions to be fulfilled for the answer of our dua: sincerity in our dua, not asking bad things, such as sins and cutting family relationship, being patient in waiting for the answer, and avoiding sin. The Prophet s.a.w. mentioned the case of a person who prayed to Allah, but his food was ḥarām and his clothing was ḥarām so that his prayer would not be answered.
                                      (CIVIC, 23 January, 2015)
المراجع:
المكتبة الشاملة
إبن عطاء الله السكندري. الحكم
Dale Carnegie. How to Stop Worrying and Start Living
William Shakespeare. Hamlet.



[1] Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act 2, Scene 2

1. PIOUS PEOPLE’S DU‘Ā (SUPPLICATION) IN THE QUR’ĀN (1)



1.     PIOUS PEOPLE’S DU‘Ā (SUPPLICATION) IN THE QUR’ĀN (1)
The du‘ā’ of people other than prophets is divided into a personal one starting with رَبِّ (“My Lord!”), and as a group starting with رَبَّناَ (“Our Lord!”). There are three personal du‘ā’ mentioned in the Qur’ān as follows:
a.     the du‘ā’  of Āsiyah bint Muzāḥim, the Pharaoh’s wife, who had  adopted the baby Mūsā (Moses) mentioned in Q. 28:8-9, when she said:
رَبِّ ابْنِ لِي عِندَكَ بَيْتاً فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَنَجِّنِي مِن فِرْعَوْنَ وَعَمَلِهِ
وَنَجِّنِي مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ (التحريم :11)
“My Lord! Build for me a home with You in Paradise, and
save me from Fir‘awn (Pharaoh) and his work, and save me
 from the people who  are wrong-doers.” (Q. 66:11)
    The Qur’ān commentator al-Ṭabarī said that when Āsiah was told that Mūsā and Hārūn prevailed over the magicians, she said: “I believe in the Lord of Mūsā and Hārūn.” Fir‘awn sent his aids to find out whether she had really become a believer, otherwise she was still his wife. As she insisted on keeping her faith the aides were ordered to find a biggest stone and to throw it to her. When they came to her, she looked up at the sky, and she was able to see her house in Paradise. When they threw a stone at her, her soul had been captured, and they were stoning her lifeless body.
    Classical Qur’ān commentators mention stories about of Āsiah bint Muzāḥim. The commentator Abū’l-‘Āliyah said that Fir’awn came to know that she had become a believer. He went to his council of elders and asked them what they thought about her. When they told him that she was a good woman, he told them that she worshiped a Lord other than him. So, they told him to kill her. Then they tied her hands and legs. She prayed, “My Lord! Build for me a home with You in Paradise…” and when she saw it she laughed.
    “See how crazy she was,” said Fir‘awn, “she laughs while we are torturing her.” Then she passed away.
Another story reported by ‘Uthmān al-Nahdī from Salmān al-Fārisī, is that she was tortured with sunshine, but the angel Jibrīl (Gabriel) shaded her with his wings.
This is one parable of the pious woman, whereas the other parable is the story of Maryam (Mary), who guarded her chastity, and whom Allah breathed into the sleeve of her shirt or her garment through His Rūḥ (Gabriel)… (Q. 66:12).   
b.     the du‘ā’  of the wife of ‘Īmrān’s wife, mother of Mary (Maryam). Her name was Ḥannah bint Fāqūdh ibn Qutayl. Ibn Isḥāq said that she could not have children. One day she saw a bird feeding its chick, and she wished she could have children. When she was pregnant she vowed to devote her child to worship Allah and serving the place of worship Jerusalem as follows:
رَبِّ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لَكَ مَا فِي بَطْنِي مُحَرَّراً فَتَقَبَّلْ مِنِّي
إِنَّكَ أَنتَ  السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ (آل عمران : 35).
“My Lord! I have vowed to You what (the child that) is in my womb to be dedicated for Your services (free from all worldly work; to serve Your place of worship), so accept this from me. Verily, You are the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.” (Q. 3:35)
          She had expected to have a baby boy, but after the delivery of the baby Maryam, she prayed:
رَبِّ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُهَا أُنثَى وَاللّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا وَضَعَتْ وَلَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالأُنثَى وَإِنِّي سَمَّيْتُهَا
مَرْيَمَ وِإِنِّي أُعِيذُهَا بِكَ وَذُرِّيَّتَهَا مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ. )آل عمران : 36(.
“O my Lord! I have given birth a female child” – and Allah
knew better what she brought forth – “And the male is not
like the female, and I have named her Maryam (Mary), and
 I seek refuge with You (Allah) for her and for her
 offspring from Satan, the outcast.” (Q. 3: 36).[1]
What she meant is that a female cannot do the male’s job in remaining in the church worshiping, cleaning, and keeps its maintenance while, as a female, that something could happen to her like menstruation, and mix with men.
Allah accepted her supplication, as Abū Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah s.a.w. said:
Every newly born baby is touched by Satan
 when it is born, and the baby starts crying because
 of this touch, except Maryam and her son.”
 (Reported by Bukhari and Muslim).
This means, that the whole human beings including Prophets were touched by Satan when they were born, except Mary and her son Jesus. However, this does not mean that they are safe from Satan’s temptation. For every human being there is always a qarīn who always accompanies him/her.
c.     the prayer of the believer when he attained his full intellectual and spiritual maturity and reaches the age of forty. Allah said:
وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ إِحْسَانًا حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ كُرْهًا وَوَضَعَتْهُ كُرْهًا
وَحَمْلُهُ وَفِصَالُهُ ثَلَاثُونَ شَهْرًا حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَبَلَغَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً قَالَ
رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِي أَنْ أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ الَّتِي أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ وَعَلَى وَالِدَيَّ
وَأَنْ أَعْمَلَ صَالِحًا تَرْضَاهُ وَأَصْلِحْ لِي فِي ذُرِّيَّتِي إِنِّي
تُبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَإِنِّي مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ  )الأحقاف : 15(.  
 And We have enjoined on man to be dutiful and kind
  to his parents. His mother bears him with hardship. And she
 brings him forth with hardship, and the bearing of him, and
 the weaning of him is thirty month, till when he attains full
 strength and reaches forty years, he says: “My Lord! Grant
 me the power and ability that I may be grateful for Your
 Favour which You have bestowed upon me and upon my
  parents, and that I may do righteous good deeds, such
 as please You, and make my offspring good. Truly,
 I have turned to You in repentance, and truly,
 I am one of the Muslims (submitting
 to Your will).”  (Q. 46:15)
This verse states that Allah enjoined upon man to do good towards his parents, especially his mother who gave him birth and bearing him and his utter dependence on her took thirty months. This is also stated in another verse, as follows:
وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْنًا عَلَى وَهْنٍ وَفِصَالُهُ
 فِي عَامَيْنِ أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيْكَ إِلَيَّ الْمَصِيرُ (لقمان:14)
And We have enjoined on man (to be dutiful and
 good) to his parents. His mother bore him in weakness
 and hardship upon weakness and hardness, and his
 weaning in in two years – give thanks to Me
 and to your parents. To Me is the
 final destination. (Q. 31:14)
The Qur’ān commentator Ibn Kathīr said that when a man reaches forty years his complete intellect, understanding, and patience reach the level of maturity. At this age Allah orders him to renew his repentance and to turn to Him with strong resolution.
People of this age who followed Allah’s instruction to be dutiful to their parents and said the supplication in the above verse will be among the dwellers of Paradise, as it continues with the following verse:
أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ نَتَقَبَّلُ عَنْهُمْ أَحْسَنَ مَا عَمِلُوا وَنَتَجَاوَزُ عَنْ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ فِي
أَصْحَابِ الْجَنَّةِ وَعْدَ الصِّدْقِ الَّذِي كَانُوا يُوعَدُونَ) الأحقاف : 61 (
Those are the one from whom We shall accept
the best of what they did and overlook their evil deeds.
 (They shall be) among the dwellers of Paradise. That
is the promise of truth that they
 had been promised (Q. 46:16)
As mentioned earlier the age of full intellectual and spiritual maturity according to the verse mentioned above is at the age of forty, not the beginning of maturity as mistakenly understood by Dr. Rashad Khalifah, as the age of responsibility.[2]
               Based on this verse he claimed that anyone dies before this “Crucial Age of 40” will go to Heaven. He said, “If the person believed and benefitted from belief by nourishing and developing the soul (see Appendix 5), he or she goes to the High Heaven. Otherwise, the person goes to the Lower Heaven.”[3]  This view is contrary to that of the majority of Muslims, that the age of maturity and responsibility starts when the boy starts having wet dream and the girl having menstruation, at the approximate age of 15, and could be earlier or later. It was the time when a boy and a girl can become parents. Three conditions are required for the boy’s maturity: (a). wet dream, (b). the grown of hair on the groan, and (c). reaching the age of fifteen. For the girl’s maturity the same conditions are applied to her, but with an extra condition, (d). having menstruation. This age of puberty is the crucial one, where he or she has the full responsibility as a Muslim. Do no wait until you reach forty.
Two expressions in the verse in question have to be taken into consideration, namely, إِذَا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ “when he attains full strength” and وَبَلَغَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً “and he reaches forty years”. Some scholars, such as Ibn ‘Abbās and Qatādah say that full strength is reached at the age of thirty-three, and Ibn ‘Abbās said further that man’s strength becomes quite even at the age of forty, and weak at the age of sixty.                                                                                                                         (CIVIC, 12 December, 2014)    
المراجع: 
المكتبة الشاملة
تفسير الطبري (ت. 310 هـ )
تفسير القرطبى (ت. 671 هـ)
تفسير ابن كثير (ت. 774 هـ)
Ali, A.Yusuf.  The Meanings of the Holy Qur’ān
Asad, Muhammad. The Message of the Qur’ān
Khalifa, Rashad. Quran the Final Testament. Tucson: Islamic Productions
http://islamqa.info/ar/197392


[1] Both verses are located in the Qur’an chapter three called Āl ‘Imrān, “The House of ‘Imrān.” Muhammad Asad gives us an illustration of this, and said:
“The House of ‘Imrān comprises Moses and Aaron, whose father was ‘Imrān (the Amram of the Bible), and Aaron’s descendants, the priestly caste among the Israelites – thus including John the Baptist, both of whose parents were of the same descent (cf. the reference, in Luke, i, 5,  to John’s mother  Elizabeth as one ‘of the daughters of Aaron’), as well as Jesus, whose mother Mary – a close relation of John – is spoken of elsewhere in the Qur’an (19:28) as a ‘sister of Aaron’: in both cases embodying  the ancient Semitic custom of linking a person’s or a people’s name with that of an illustrious forbear. The reference of the House of ‘Imrān serves as an introduction to the stories of Zakhariah, John, Mary, and Jesus.”  Muhammad Asad, The Message of the Qur’an, note 22 on Q. 3:33, p. 71.
[2] Dr. Rashad Khalifah, an agricultural engineer, claimed to be “God’s Messenger of the Covenant”. He was the founder of the idea of denying the validity of the Sunnah of the Prophet. This idea is called Inkār al-Sunnah. He claimed to have been ascended to heaven and met all the prophets sent by Allah. He said: “During my Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca, and before sunrise on Tuesday, Zul-Hijjah 3, 1391, December 21, 1971, I, Rashad Khalifa, the soul, the real person, not the body, was taken to some place in the universe where I was introduced to all the prophets as God’s Messenger of the covenant…. What I witnessed, in sharp consciousness, was that I was sitting still, while the prophets, one by one, came towards me, looked at my face, then nodded their heads…. Except for Abraham, none of the prophets was identified to me. I knew that all the prophets were there, including Moses, Jesus, Muhammad, Aaron, David, Noah and the rest. I believe that the reason for revealing Abraham’s identity was that I asked about him. I was taken aback by the strong resemblance he had with my own family – myself, my father, my uncles. It was the only time I wondered, ‘Who is this prophet who looks like my relatives?’ The answer came: ‘Abraham.’ No language was spoken. All communication was done mentally.” Rashad Khalifa, Qur’an the Final Testament, Appendix 2, p. 639.
[3] Dr.ashad Khalaifa gives the example of Theodore Robert Bundy who was executed in 1989, when he was 42 years old. The execution was delayed 11 years, although many people celebrated his execution for being “one of the most vicious criminals in history.” Therefore, he did not deserve Heaven. Had he been executed 5 years earlier, when he was 37 years old, he would have gone straight to Heaven, but he did not deserve it, as he was a criminal. This was, Rashad Khalifa claimed, not his personal opinion, but “revelation (?)”  from Allah. He gives another example for people who would enter Heaven, namely, Martin Luther King and Malcolm X who were assassinated “just a couple of months before their 40s birthdays.” Ibid., Appendix 32, p. 703. Then Rashad Khalifa stressed the importance of observing the religious duties as our means of attaining certainty, quoting Q. 15:99  (وَاعْبُدْ رَبَّكَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَكَ الْيَقِينُ (الحجر:99 which he translates as "Worship your Lord in order to attain certainty" whereas its translation is “Worship Your Lord until (death) which is certain  has come to you”. When a companion passed away the Prophet said that al-yaqīn, meaning “what is certain” had come to him, namely, death.